Question
i wanted to know some details about marasmus causes effects symtoms histoical background of the disease ..  

Answer
I am here for living with eye disabilities, so I cannot properly offer you an in-depth answer.

From a quick search of this disease, I found that it's a breakdown of the tissues in the body, due to malnutrition...and it's most commonly found in children and infants.

Wilkapedia says...
Marasmus is a form of severe protein-energy malnutrition characterised by calorie deficiency and energy deficiency. Some other PEMs are kwashiorkor and cachexia (the most common one in the developed world).

A child with marasmus looks emaciated and the body weight may reduce to less than 80% of the normal weight for that height.

Marasmus occurrence increases prior to age 1 whereas Kwashiorkor occurrence increases after 18 months.

The signs are common characteristics of protein-energy malnutrition: dry skin, loose skin folds hanging over the glutei, axillae, etc. Drastic loss of adipose tissue from normal areas of fat deposits like buttocks and thighs. The afflicted are often fretful, irritable, and voraciously hungry. There may be alternate bands of pigmented and depigmented hair (flag sign), or flaky paint appearance of skin due to peeling.

It is essential to treat not only the symptoms but also the complications of the disorder like infections, dehydration and circulation disorders, which are frequently lethal and lead to high mortality if ignored.
the link to this is http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marasmus

eMedicine says...
Marasmus is a serious worldwide problem that involves more than 50 million children younger than 5 years. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 49% of the 10.4 million deaths occurring in children younger than 5 years in developing countries are associated with PEM. Malnutrition has been a permanent priority of the WHO for decades. Although PEM occurs more frequently in low-income countries, numerous children from higher-income countries are also affected, including children from large urban areas and of low socioeconomic status, children with chronic disease, and children who are institutionalized.

Hospitalized children are also at risk for PEM when they experience complex conditions, such as oncologic disease, genetic disease, or neurological disease, requiring prolonged and complicated hospital care. In these conditions, the challenging nutritional management is often overlooked and insufficient, resulting in an impairment of the chances for recovery and the worsening of an already precarious neurodevelopmental situation. PEM results in not only high mortality (even for hospitalized children, without any improvement during the last 2 decades) but also morbidity and suboptimal neurological development. The social and economic implications of PEM and its complications are incalculable.

This review is limited to marasmus resulting from an insufficient nutritional intake as observed under impaired socioeconomic conditions, such as those present in developing countries. This condition is most frequently associated with acute conditions (eg, gastroenteritis) or chronic conditions (eg, tuberculosis, HIV infection).
More found at this link http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic164.htm

You can find some more about it, here, also http://www.answers.com/topic/marasmus

Or try Google.

I hope this helps.

Jeannine