Unfortunately many people are unaware that they have this dangerous skeletal condition until they break a bone. The word osteoporosis actually translates to "porous bone." Osteoporosis is a common disorder of the skeleton characterized by a decrease in bone density and strength. Bone mineral density (bone mass) is calculated based upon how many bone cells are present per length of bone. The lower the bone density, the more delicate and brittle the bone is. Osteoporosis typically affects women over the age of 50, resulting in fragile bones that may be broken. If untreated, the bone becomes porous and easily compressed, in some ways like a sponge.

Several factors can cause or contribute to this bone disorder. The older a person is, the greater their risk of developing osteoporosis. Women tend to develop decreased bone density more often than men. People who are thin and small in stature are at greater risk. People who are allergic to milk or who avoid milk have a higher chance of developing osteoporosis. This skeletal disorder tends to affect Caucasian and Asian women more often than other races. People who rarely exercise or who are physically inactive have a much greater chance of being diagnosed with osteoporosis. Heredity also seems to play a role in developing this bone condition.

People who experience loss of bone density in the spine are at risk for developing a forward curve in their backbone called a kyphosis (pronounced ky-FOE-sis). This is due to tiny compression fractures which can occur at the front of the spinal bones (vertebrae). Once enough bones break a person can experience a severe arch in their back, sometimes referred to as a Dowager hump. Occasionally the broken bones can cause severe and lasting back pain, especially if important spine nerve roots are compressed.

Once a person has advanced osteoporosis, normal daily activities can potentially cause skeletal fractures. Examples of simple movements that can cause fractures include: hugging a friend, walking on uneven ground, carrying heavy objects, sneezing violently, reaching for objects on a high shelf, or lifting a toddler.

Osteoporosis can also cause fractures in the wrist, leg, pelvis, ribs, and arms. However, one of the most dangerous fractures that can occur is a broken hip. People who suffer a hip fracture are usually over age 70. In most cases hip surgery is required to repair the damaged joint.

Fortunately, treatment is available in the form of slowing down or altogether stopping bone mineral loss, with an emphasis in increasing bone density through proper diet and exercise.